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Arthritis and Rheumatism

Arthritis & Multiple Myeloma

01/18/1999

Question:

Can you tell me about rheumatoid arthritis symptoms that are mimicked by multiple myeloma complications?

Answer:

Multiple myeloma frequently causes back and chest wall pain, which do not resemble rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. However, some patients with multiple myeloma develop a second, related disease, called amyloidosis. This disease is caused by a fragment of the myeloma protein, which polymerizes in an abnormal way and can deposit in different organs, where it can interfere with function. Amyloidosis can cause carpal tunnel syndrome (weakness and pain in the hand and arm, in the distribution of the median nerve, which is compressed by amyloid protein), and occasionally, an arthritis that affects the hands, wrists and shoulders, which, like rheumatoid arthritis, is symmetrical (similar on both sides of the body). Amyloid protein can also be deposited in the skin, where it can resemble rheumatoid nodules. Myeloma can be diagnosed by blood and urine tests and bone marrow biopsy; amyloidosis can be diagnosed by biopsy of the synovium (tissue around the joint) or other involved areas.

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Response by:

University of Cincinnati Fred Finkelman, MD
Director, Division of Immunology
Division of Immunology and Allergy
Department of Internal Medicine
College of Medicine
University of Cincinnati